Assesment

Name ___________________________ Date _____________

Influenza Microbiology and Evolution

1. Following are TRUE or FALSE.
   1. There are three types of influenza virus. TRUE or FALSE.
   2. Influenza C is the deadliest of all three types.TRUE or FALSE.
   3. A virus or bacteria usually cause the stomach flu. TRUE or FALSE.
   4. As humans, we mutate much quicker than RNA viruses. TRUE or FALSE.
   5. RNA viruses mutate about once every 30 years. TRUE or FALSE.
2. Which of the following is NOT a member of the orthomyoxviruses family?
   1. Influenza A
   2. Influenza C
   3. Influenza B
   4. Influenza D
3. What is located in the center of the influenza virus?
   1. Lipid bilayer
   2. RNA
   3. Hemagglutinin
   4. Neuraminidase
4. What determines the name of the specific influenza virus?
   1. The person who discovered it is able to name it
   2. The first patient who becomes ill is able to name it
   3. The number of molecules in the RNA
   4. The number of HA and NA on the surface
5. How often does a person need the flu shot?
   1. Monthly
   2. Every 6 months
   3. Yearly
   4. Daily
6. What happens when the influenza virus mutates?
   1. The RNA lengthens
   2. The number of HA and NA change
   3. The RNA shortens
   4. The lipid bilayer changes

Some Definitions and Pathogenesis

1. The following are symptoms of influenza (select all that apply).
   1. Cough
   2. Fever and Chills
   3. Swelling Ankles
   4. Headache
2. Virulence refers to the virus transmission. TRUE or FALSE.
3. The following are common complications of an influenza bout(select all that apply).
   1. Croup
   2. Hepatic Failure
   3. Bacterial Pneumonia
   4. Heart Attack
4. Define pathogen:
   
   __________________________________________________________________
   __________________________________________________________________
   __________________________________________________________________
   
5. Symptoms of influenza begin to show:
   1. Immediately on infection
   2. Within two to four hours of infection
   3. Within two to four days of infection
   4. Within two weeks of infection
6. When budding occurs the virus is released into the airways, spreading the infection. TRUE or FALSE.

Influenza Epidemiology

1. Which of the following virus subtypes was responsible for the Spanish Flu (1918)?
   1. H1N1
   2. H3N2
   3. H2N2
   4. H5N1
2. Which of the following virus subtypes was responsible for the Hong Kong Flu (1968-1969)?
   1. H1N1
   2. H3N2
   3. H2N2
   4. H5N1
3. Which of the following virus subtypes was responsible for the Asian Flu (1958)?
   1. H1N1
   2. H3N2
   3. H2N2
   4. H5N1
4. Which of the following is an estimate of the number of people who die annually due to the flu in a regular flu season?
   1. 360
   2. 3,600
   3. 36,000
   4. 360,000
5. Which one of the following is not a known vector for transmission of the flu to humans?
   1. swine
   2. wild birds
   3. domesticated birds
   4. other humans
6. True or False - The avian flu virus is generally not deadly to birds.
7. True or False - Most human cases of avian flu result from consuming meat from sick chickens.
8. True or False - As of the year 2006, there have been ZERO cases of the bird flu in the United States

Treament and Prevention

1. Choose the influenza treatment that describes the biological mechanism of action. antihistamine, decongestant, Tamiflu, aspirin, amantadine
   1. This treatment is involved in vasoconstriction and reduction of fluid leaking from capillaries. ___________________
   2. This treatment is an enzyme inhibitor of cyclooxygenases which in turn decreases prostaglandin production. ____________________
   3. This treatment is an enzyme inhibitor of viral neuraminidase.__________________
2. The CDC recently recommended that amantadine and rimantadine not be used as treatment of influenza in the U.S. because
   1. they have severe side effects.
   2. the virus easily develops resistance to the drugs.
   3. there has not been sufficient research to show their effectiveness in treatment.
   4. the proper dosage has yet to be determined.
3. The reason that there is a new influenza vaccine produced every year is because
   1. the virus is constantly evolving into new strains.
   2. the vaccine has limited effectiveness if kept in storage too long.
   3. there are always several different strains of the virus that can infect a person.
   4. the vaccine causes too many people to have flu-like symptoms from year to year.
4. Vaccines prevent disease by
   1. causing the body to replicate the pathogen and "store" it in memory.
   2. infecting the body with a strong dose of the pathogen so that it can produce antibodies.
   3. causing the body to produce antibodies and memory cells against a small dose of injected pathogen.
   4. allowing a person to get ill with the disease in order to develop an immunity.
5. Briefly describe 3 surveillance methods for H5N1 vector control.
   
   __________________________________________________________________
   __________________________________________________________________
   __________________________________________________________________
   
6. Compare two advantages and disadvantages for bird culling to prevent the spread of H5N1.
   
   __________________________________________________________________
   __________________________________________________________________
   __________________________________________________________________