Apoptosis

Introduction Objectives Apoptosis Summary Evaluation Extensions Instructional Tools

Death of A Cell: Instructional Tools

Standards Addressed:

Students will: know that genes are instructions encoded in DNA, understand how mutations in DNA can affect the expression of the gene products, how to formulate explanations by using logic and evidence, recognize the cumulative nature of scientific evidence, investigate science-based societal issues by researching the literature, analyzing data, and communicating findings.

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Lesson Plan:

• Day 1:Discuss goals and standards to be learned concerning the topic.
Lectures:
1. Overview: Apoptosis vs. Traumatic cell death.
2. Apoptosis and the Cell Life Cycle
• Day 2:Review previous day's information, then introduce next lecture.
Lectures:
1. Induction and Inhibition of Apoptosis.
• Day 3:Summary exercise - review information and then begin Exerecise.
• Day 4:Present results of student exercise and then begin next two lectures.
Lectures:
1. Genetics of Apoptosis
2. Apoptosis in Action
• Day 5:Review genetics of apoptosis before explaining cancer links in lecture.
Lectures:
1. Apoptosis and Cancer

After lectures, review information, address questions. Evaluation can be given today or on a later day to allow students to absorb information.

Extensions can be used at any time in this lesson plan to help teachers supplement any information provided in the TIP, or for students to use to better their understanding of the subject matter.

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Answer Key:

1. Which were often of the following factors is not a mechanism that will induce apoptosis in a cell?
1. death receptor
2. free radicals
3. viral infection
4. AKT formation
5. Ionizing radiation

2. T. cells can initiate apoptosis in order to prevent damaged cells from becoming cancerous and in. (True or False) (6 points)

3. The enzyme granzyme works with the T-cells to preventing apoptosis. (True or False) (6 points)

4. Intrinsic signals initiate apoptosis via the involvement of the organelles in the cells called the__mitochondria___.(6 points)

5. Which of the following does not block or inhibit apoptosis? (6 points)
1. FLICE protein
2. Granzyme enzyme
3. Bcl-2
4. Cytokine response modifier A
6. Some genes are known to be pro-apoptosis genes and some are known to be anti-apoptosis genes. From the following list put the letter P in the blanks in front of the pro-apoptosis gene and put an A in front of the anti-apoptosis gene. (21 points)
• _P_ p53
• _P___ Bax
• _A___ Bcl-2
• _P___ Bak
• _P___ Bik
• _A___ Bcl-x1
• _P___ C-myc

7. Oncogenes are genes that cause the formation of cancers and tumors. (True or False) (6 points)

8. PCR and gel electrophoresis can be used to identify genes, but are not specific enough to distinguish between normal tissue and cancer tissue. (True or False) (6 points)

9. The HPV virus and the EBV virus will try to inactivate the ___p53_____ gene so that apoptosis can not occur. (6 points)

10. The inhibition of the apoptosis pathway happen in which of the following diseases. (6 points)
1. Leukemia
2. Melanoma
3. Lung cancer
4. Only A and C
5. All the above
11. List the three phases that the "decision" to initiate apoptosis come from. (9 points)
1. the cell itself
2. the surrounding tissues
3. the immune system

12. Cell death by necrosis and apoptosis are the same since in each instance the cell shrinks and fragments and the fragments are phagocytosed. (True or False) (6 points)

13. What role do caspases perform in apoptosis? (6 points)

    They carry out the clevage of both structural and functional elements of the cell, resulting in morphological changes.

14. Name four methods of laboratory assays for apoptosis. (12 points)
1. Tunnel assay
2. Caspase assay
3. Annerin assay
4. DNA assay